Modules in Python
In the last article we had discuss about" Python Modules", like modules definition ,
what are the" STANDARD LIBRARY MODULES " then how to import a module in
Python, Now in this article we will discuss how to define a module and how to import
that in our program .In one module we can have functions ,variables, classes
and we can access all of this by just importing that Module .
what are the" STANDARD LIBRARY MODULES " then how to import a module in
Python, Now in this article we will discuss how to define a module and how to import
that in our program .In one module we can have functions ,variables, classes
and we can access all of this by just importing that Module .
User can easily create as many modules as user want, You will be surprised to know that we are already been doing that ,Every Python program is a module ,that is every file that user saveas .py extension is a module .for example
def show():
print("Hello")
print("Module name " , __name__ )
show()
OUTPUT:
Hello
Module name __main__
So Python allow user to create a module separately or in a same program ,and use it anywhere in other programs as well
We will take an example of calculator ,for that we have to define four basic functions of math
in a separate module i.e. .py file name that file as calculator .
def add(a, b):
c=a + b
print(c)
def sub(a,b):
c=a-b
print(c)
def multi(a,b):
c=a*b
print(c)
def div(a,b):
c=a/b
print(c)
Now to import calculator (Module) we have to use" import module name " syntax or simply
use "from module name import *" then call any of the functions from it .
from calculator import *
a=10
b=5
add(a,b)
sub(a,b)
multi(a,b)
div(a,b)
OUTPUT:
15
5
50
2.00
The dir() Function :
This is an inbuilt function of Python. dir() function lists the identifiers from module ,these
identifiers include functions, class and variables .
example :
Python Module:
We have discuss that module is a file that contains some definition and statements .when a
python file is executed directly ,it is considered the main modules of a program Main modules
are given special name "__main__" .The main module may import many modules but other
modules can't import main modules.
Advantages of modules :
Python modules provide all the benefits of modular software design. These modules provides
services and functionality that can be reused in other programs . The standard Library contains a
set of modules .It allows you to logically organize the code so that it becomes easier to
understand and use .
Key Points to remember :
1.A module can import other module
2.It is customary but not mandatory to place all import statements at the beginning.
3.A module will load only once
Thank u 😊